Abstract
Polyacrylamide was obtained through redox polymerization in a single batch reactor. Redox initiators, consisting of ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite, were applied in initiating the redox polymerization. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the polymerization process. Four design parameters i.e. temperature, concentrations of acrylamide, ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite were taken into account for optimization. An empirical model was constructed in terms of related significant design parameters to describe the polyacrylamide conversion (%) as the response. Based on the response surface plots and analysis of variance (ANOVA), optimum redox polymerization obtained was: 1.0335M acrylamide, 5×10<sup>-4</sup> M ammonium persulphate and 1×10<sup>-4</sup> M sodium bisulfite under 65°C, producing 96.89% of polyacrylamide in 10 minutes. FT-IR, GPC and TEM analysis were carried out to investigate the changes of chemical functional groups and molecular structure during the conversion of acrylamide to polyacrylamide. The weight average molecular weight of the polyacrylamide produced was 1.66 × 10<sup>6</sup> Da. Vinyl group, which existed in acrylamide FT-IR spectra, disappeared during the conversion of acrylamide into polyacrylamide, and it was replaced by a new alkyl group. The viscosity of aqueous polyacrylamide solution increased with the concentration. Polyacrylamide was observed in linear tree-roots-like structure under TEM viewing.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 2697-2710 |
| Number of pages | 14 |
| Journal | International Journal of ChemTech Research |
| Volume | 7 |
| Issue number | 6 |
| Publication status | Published - 2014 |
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Keywords
- Optimization
- Polyacrylamide
- Redox polymerization
- Response surface methodology
ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Chemical Engineering(all)
- Chemistry(all)
Cite this
Response surface modeling of polyacrylamide redox polymerization. / Lee, Khai Ern; Goh, Thian Lai; Simon, Norbert.
In: International Journal of ChemTech Research, Vol. 7, No. 6, 2014, p. 2697-2710.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Response surface modeling of polyacrylamide redox polymerization
AU - Lee, Khai Ern
AU - Goh, Thian Lai
AU - Simon, Norbert
PY - 2014
Y1 - 2014
N2 - Polyacrylamide was obtained through redox polymerization in a single batch reactor. Redox initiators, consisting of ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite, were applied in initiating the redox polymerization. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the polymerization process. Four design parameters i.e. temperature, concentrations of acrylamide, ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite were taken into account for optimization. An empirical model was constructed in terms of related significant design parameters to describe the polyacrylamide conversion (%) as the response. Based on the response surface plots and analysis of variance (ANOVA), optimum redox polymerization obtained was: 1.0335M acrylamide, 5×10-4 M ammonium persulphate and 1×10-4 M sodium bisulfite under 65°C, producing 96.89% of polyacrylamide in 10 minutes. FT-IR, GPC and TEM analysis were carried out to investigate the changes of chemical functional groups and molecular structure during the conversion of acrylamide to polyacrylamide. The weight average molecular weight of the polyacrylamide produced was 1.66 × 106 Da. Vinyl group, which existed in acrylamide FT-IR spectra, disappeared during the conversion of acrylamide into polyacrylamide, and it was replaced by a new alkyl group. The viscosity of aqueous polyacrylamide solution increased with the concentration. Polyacrylamide was observed in linear tree-roots-like structure under TEM viewing.
AB - Polyacrylamide was obtained through redox polymerization in a single batch reactor. Redox initiators, consisting of ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite, were applied in initiating the redox polymerization. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the polymerization process. Four design parameters i.e. temperature, concentrations of acrylamide, ammonium persulphate and sodium bisulfite were taken into account for optimization. An empirical model was constructed in terms of related significant design parameters to describe the polyacrylamide conversion (%) as the response. Based on the response surface plots and analysis of variance (ANOVA), optimum redox polymerization obtained was: 1.0335M acrylamide, 5×10-4 M ammonium persulphate and 1×10-4 M sodium bisulfite under 65°C, producing 96.89% of polyacrylamide in 10 minutes. FT-IR, GPC and TEM analysis were carried out to investigate the changes of chemical functional groups and molecular structure during the conversion of acrylamide to polyacrylamide. The weight average molecular weight of the polyacrylamide produced was 1.66 × 106 Da. Vinyl group, which existed in acrylamide FT-IR spectra, disappeared during the conversion of acrylamide into polyacrylamide, and it was replaced by a new alkyl group. The viscosity of aqueous polyacrylamide solution increased with the concentration. Polyacrylamide was observed in linear tree-roots-like structure under TEM viewing.
KW - Optimization
KW - Polyacrylamide
KW - Redox polymerization
KW - Response surface methodology
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84929466492&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84929466492&partnerID=8YFLogxK
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84929466492
VL - 7
SP - 2697
EP - 2710
JO - International Journal of ChemTech Research
JF - International Journal of ChemTech Research
SN - 0974-4290
IS - 6
ER -