Abstract
Long-term measurements (2004–2011) of PM10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 3], nitrogen oxide [NO], oxides of nitrogen [NOx], nitrogen dioxide [NO2], sulfur dioxide [SO2], methane [CH4], nonmethane hydrocarbon [NMHC]) have been conducted to study the effect of physicochemical factors on the PM10 concentration. In addition, this study includes source apportionment of PM10 in Kuala Lumpur urban environment. An advanced principal component analysis (PCA) technique coupled with absolute principal component scores (APCS) and multiple linear regression (MLR) has been applied. The average annual concentration of PM10 for 8 yr is 51.3 ± 25.8 μg m−3, which exceeds the Recommended Malaysian Air Quality Guideline (RMAQG) and international guideline values. Detail analysis shows the dependency of PM10 on the linear changes of the motor vehicles in use and the amount of biomass burning, particularly from Sumatra, Indonesia, during southwesterly monsoon. The main sources of PM10 identified by PCA-APCS-MLR are traffic combustion (28%), ozone coupled with meteorological factors (20%), and windblown particles (1%). However, the apportionment procedure left 28.0 μg m−3, that is, 51% of PM10undetermined. Implications: Air quality is always a top concern around the globe. Especially in the South Asian regions, measures are not yet sufficient; as revealed in our studies, the concentrations of particulate matters exceed the tolerable limits. Long-term data analysis and characterization of particular matters and their sources will aid the policy makers and the concerned authority to adapt measures and policies according to the circumstances. Additionally, similar intensive studies will give insight about future implications of air quality management.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Pages (from-to) | 958-969 |
| Number of pages | 12 |
| Journal | Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association |
| Volume | 65 |
| Issue number | 8 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 2015 |
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ASJC Scopus subject areas
- Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law
- Waste Management and Disposal
- Medicine(all)
Cite this
Physicochemical factors and sources of particulate matter at residential urban environment in Kuala Lumpur. / Khan, Firoz; Latif, Mohd Talib; Liew, Ju Neng; Amil, Norhaniza; Mohd Nadzir, Mohd Shahrul; Hoque, Hossain Mohammed Syedul.
In: Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association, Vol. 65, No. 8, 2015, p. 958-969.Research output: Contribution to journal › Article
}
TY - JOUR
T1 - Physicochemical factors and sources of particulate matter at residential urban environment in Kuala Lumpur
AU - Khan, Firoz
AU - Latif, Mohd Talib
AU - Liew, Ju Neng
AU - Amil, Norhaniza
AU - Mohd Nadzir, Mohd Shahrul
AU - Hoque, Hossain Mohammed Syedul
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - Long-term measurements (2004–2011) of PM10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 3], nitrogen oxide [NO], oxides of nitrogen [NOx], nitrogen dioxide [NO2], sulfur dioxide [SO2], methane [CH4], nonmethane hydrocarbon [NMHC]) have been conducted to study the effect of physicochemical factors on the PM10 concentration. In addition, this study includes source apportionment of PM10 in Kuala Lumpur urban environment. An advanced principal component analysis (PCA) technique coupled with absolute principal component scores (APCS) and multiple linear regression (MLR) has been applied. The average annual concentration of PM10 for 8 yr is 51.3 ± 25.8 μg m−3, which exceeds the Recommended Malaysian Air Quality Guideline (RMAQG) and international guideline values. Detail analysis shows the dependency of PM10 on the linear changes of the motor vehicles in use and the amount of biomass burning, particularly from Sumatra, Indonesia, during southwesterly monsoon. The main sources of PM10 identified by PCA-APCS-MLR are traffic combustion (28%), ozone coupled with meteorological factors (20%), and windblown particles (1%). However, the apportionment procedure left 28.0 μg m−3, that is, 51% of PM10undetermined. Implications: Air quality is always a top concern around the globe. Especially in the South Asian regions, measures are not yet sufficient; as revealed in our studies, the concentrations of particulate matters exceed the tolerable limits. Long-term data analysis and characterization of particular matters and their sources will aid the policy makers and the concerned authority to adapt measures and policies according to the circumstances. Additionally, similar intensive studies will give insight about future implications of air quality management.
AB - Long-term measurements (2004–2011) of PM10 (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter 3], nitrogen oxide [NO], oxides of nitrogen [NOx], nitrogen dioxide [NO2], sulfur dioxide [SO2], methane [CH4], nonmethane hydrocarbon [NMHC]) have been conducted to study the effect of physicochemical factors on the PM10 concentration. In addition, this study includes source apportionment of PM10 in Kuala Lumpur urban environment. An advanced principal component analysis (PCA) technique coupled with absolute principal component scores (APCS) and multiple linear regression (MLR) has been applied. The average annual concentration of PM10 for 8 yr is 51.3 ± 25.8 μg m−3, which exceeds the Recommended Malaysian Air Quality Guideline (RMAQG) and international guideline values. Detail analysis shows the dependency of PM10 on the linear changes of the motor vehicles in use and the amount of biomass burning, particularly from Sumatra, Indonesia, during southwesterly monsoon. The main sources of PM10 identified by PCA-APCS-MLR are traffic combustion (28%), ozone coupled with meteorological factors (20%), and windblown particles (1%). However, the apportionment procedure left 28.0 μg m−3, that is, 51% of PM10undetermined. Implications: Air quality is always a top concern around the globe. Especially in the South Asian regions, measures are not yet sufficient; as revealed in our studies, the concentrations of particulate matters exceed the tolerable limits. Long-term data analysis and characterization of particular matters and their sources will aid the policy makers and the concerned authority to adapt measures and policies according to the circumstances. Additionally, similar intensive studies will give insight about future implications of air quality management.
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U2 - 10.1080/10962247.2015.1042094
DO - 10.1080/10962247.2015.1042094
M3 - Article
VL - 65
SP - 958
EP - 969
JO - Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association
JF - Journal of the Air and Waste Management Association
SN - 1096-2247
IS - 8
ER -